Electric battery



ro galvanie batteries,

AUNITED 'STMESy 11mm-r omc-..

THEoDoRE L. KQEEEE, 0E BoSToN,

' TRUSTEE, oE'NEWToN,

ASSIGNOE Crow, E. n. DoWSE, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELECTRIC, BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming paiit ofLtters Patent No'. 3.28,' 687, dated October 20,1885.

Application 'tiled July 11, l11385.

1 ?0 all whom it'may concern:

'Be it known that I, THEoDoRE L. 'KEUFFEm l a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Boston;- in the' county of Suffolk and Common-- 5 "weal'tlaof Massachusetts, have invented certain new andY usefullmprovements in Electric Batteries, of which the following is a full and '.coi'nplete specification. t

- My invention .-relates to an improvement in by which they are, in addi- 4 tion'toother purposes, adapted'for use in connection with the incandescent` electric light. My invention consists, principally, 'in the production of anew depolarizingiiuid, orin the combinatiomwith the ,other.element of an elece I. shown in the drawings an outer cell provided with a reservoir. j This feature, however, is Y not anessent-ialor important part of my in.- inventiva-.1 I

My invention als/o consists of afring or clampdevicelftehold in position the carbon plates or negativey element of the battery. Bythis zsjplates'close totheporous cup andvso decrease the internal resistance caused by obligingggthe electric current to passthrough a large amount v(if fluid. I do not, however, consider this an :essential Vfeature of my invention. In'the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is 'at vertical section of the cell. Fig. 2 is a hori-AV zontal view of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective -vi'ew of the ring by which the carbon plates are, 'held in place. lReferring to Figs. l and 2, A is the positive element-fa slab of zine. This is immersed in a solution composed of one part sulphuric acid to ve parts of water contained in the rectangular porous jar'B. 'Inthe bottom of this cup is placed a small amount of mercury, which serves to keep the zinc 'well amalgam'ated and so prevent waste. s

The porous cup B sets in the main jar EF, which is preferably composedof 'glazed earth; enware, though Vit may be made of any suitablej material, such as vulcanite or glass. This jar is partiallylled with the following fluid mixf ture, preferably of the following proportions bi'chromate of soda, four pounds; sulphuriof 5o acid, twelve pounds5water, sixpounds.,

Serial-Nm l71,305. (No model.)

Io ould use other phurgic acitf Atone side'of .the jar is the reservoir E, which is separated from the rest of the cell by the partition-F, which is composed of some porous material, preferably of earthenmire,r l (unglazed,) and is so arranged as to slide out and ingfor convenience in cleaning the jar. In this reservoir is placed a 'quantity of the dry @ystals of bichromate 'of soda, which will b e'. leached out by the fluid in the adjoining cell, and, passing through the porous partition, continually-'replenish that fluid and keep it in a -stateot'concentration. Y

At DD is shown the negative element of 65 .aci-ds,` l Igpreferably usev sul- .I

--the cell, -eomposedof two plates of carbon con nected bythe ring C. The ring Gis also shown in detail in Fig. 3.' It`will be observed that each ,plate is rmly attached to the ring C'by4 clamping-screws arranged for that purpose." 70 In order to prevent the corrosion of the connection the carbon plates are treated as follows: -The carbon is heatedto a point slightly' yhigher than the melting-point of paraine and 1the melted paraiine then applied with a brushY 7 5 to the upper end of the carbon only,. .The carbon is then allowed, to cool. When parfr tially cool, the plate is rubbed with solid paraffine, the object being to form a superficial Y c'oat which will extend suiiciently deepto in- '30 sure its firm adherence to the plate, and yet leave the conductivity of the central pair-'tl of the carbon unimpaired. The thickness of the coating needV be only suiicient to form aglaze upon thesurfacelofthe carbon'.V Stearine,wax, 85 or any. similar non-conducting. substance may be used insteadpf parafline.

It will be observed that in the accompany-V ing drawings I have made my cell square. This 4is done in order to economize space, as the battery is intended to be put up ingroups of ten cells each. ltldoes not, however,form an essential part of myinvention. v

Bichromate of Vsoda is avery desirable maifterial as an element in electric batteries, as it' 95 is extremely soluble, contains alarge percent. of chromiicid, and is quite inexpensivein cgmparisowi'thothermaterial. Likewise the iggproduced by the reduction of the cliomataofisoda is very soluble; infact, it rco gltfaet is an important fei'niejiithe-action "of the bichromate of s'oda', aqitdoes' away with the laborofeleaning the "battery cuseqnent 'ro electro-motive force quantity, and constancy.

' In' a 'bihfmwonpqtaan battery -it is uwen.-

know-n-defect that it clpgs up and ceases. to

work beibre its-chemicals areexhanstedf 'This Y is not true in my improved buttery. l

'15 I am dramma: in has been prom-m use crystals 0f trehromte of s0da,' prepgred ina certain manner, in eonneetion'withthe zinc elementiin a'perforatedporonslcup of a .belt

tery. ."This', however, if poible, exhaust-s the zo zinc and acids and reqninesta'freqent cleaning ofthobattery..

1 The combination, 'in a garlvanie battery,

"of kichromlite of 'soda with an acid, preferably :5 sulphnric acid.`

-2. In a glvnic bgttery, a fluid one element, 'of which iahiehromate of soda.V 3.-`The-combin.tin, in: agalvnic b atte of electregja mixture of bichromate pf' "sulbhuric'acid, and water, as set forth.

4." Ag-g'alvanic battery having a reservoir .yitlif-. slbttedpartitiomifmixture of biclmi; mateoi sn'lphnric a j'fand water. the elementsl A in a oeil', Bgud the elementsD 1), 'connected-by a riig, C, as not forth. Q- ;.hw-gvw c f bittefyffh 'rins'LC mv- 'with arms-and clamping-screws, manliii tive-electrode,bichromteofsoda, l i

' WILLIAM C. GOLDNER'.

the'plafnnsumqmi' galvani-battery consisting of In 

